Wired for resilience: mapping the pulse of electricity in an Urbanizing Island

This study proposes a novel electricity resilience index to capture the temporal stability, recovery capacity, and redundancy of electricity consumption across Taiwan’s 22 regions from 2016 to 2024. By integrating the coefficient of variation, post-shock recovery time, and an entropy-based diversity index, we assess the dynamic adaptability of local energy systems amid climate risks and urban transformation. Using the Spatial Durbin Model (SDM), the analysis reveals both direct and spillover effects of socioeconomic, geographic, and environmental factors on electricity resilience. Principal findings highlight the negative impact of rapid aging, island geography, and high disaster frequency, while industrial electricity share and average temperature show positive associations. The results offer spatially grounded insights into the design of adaptive energy strategies and localized resilience policies, especially for island economies facing compound shocks. This study contributes to the growing discourse on urban sustainability by framing electricity resilience not only as an infrastructural attribute but also as a spatial and social construct.