A dataset of automatic observations of air temperature and humidity dynamics in the typical agroecosystem of the hilly region in the Sichuan Basin (1997-2022)

Air temperature and humidity are key factors in studying climate change and the energy and water cycles of the Earth′s atmospheric system. They are also important variables for evaluating regional ecological adaptability, analyzing thermal resources, delineating natural zones, and estimating agricultural production potential. However, there is a lack of long-term observational datasets of air temperature and humidity data accumulation for typical Agro-ecosystems in the hilly region of the subtropical Sichuan Basin. Yanting Station, located in the hilly agro-ecological zone of the subtropical Sichuan Basin, is a foundational public-interest experimental observation and research platform for Agroecosystems in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River established by the Chinese Ecosystem Research Network (CERN) and the Chinese National Ecosystem Research Network (CNERN). This dataset is compiled and calculated based on long-term observations collected by the automated meteorological observation system at Yanting Station from 1997 to 2022. After primary quality control at the field station and secondary quality control and review by the Atmospheric Sub-center, the authenticity, reliability and uniformity of the observations and data submission formats are ensured. The data are highly comparable to those collected from other networked automatic observation stations. The dataset includes hourly, daily and monthly values of air temperature, relative humidity, water vapor pressure and dew point temperature, which can support research on the responses and adaptations of agro-ecosystems, as well as changes in ecological processes, under dynamic variations in air temperature and humidity.