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This study aims to identify immunophenotypic differences between monoclonal plasma cells in MGUS and MM using CD20 expression.

June 11, 2026Discover Immunity.Open Access

CD20 by diagnostic flow cytometry helps discriminate monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and multiple myeloma plasma cells

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Retrospective review identifies CD20 as a key distinguishing marker in monoclonal gammopathy and multiple myeloma plasma cells, aiding diagnosis.

This study aims to identify immunophenotypic differences between monoclonal plasma cells in MGUS and MM using CD20 expression.
Retrospective review of 267 bone marrow plasma cell cases over 12 months.
Plasma cells stained with antibodies: CD45, CD38, CD138, CD19, CD20, CD56, CD117, and light chains.
Medical records classified cases into normal/polyclonal plasma cells, MM, and non-MM MGUS.
Monoclonal plasma cells showed reduced/absent CD45 and loss of CD19 and CD20 compared to normal cells.
CD20 was retained more frequently in MGUS than in MM.
Findings suggest CD20 expression may aid in distinguishing between MGUS and MM cases in clinical settings.

Adrian Ys Lee (2026) studied this question.

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Retrospective review identifies CD20 as a key distinguishing marker in monoclonal gammopathy and multiple myeloma plasma cells, aiding diagnosis.