Optimizing Lignin Extraction for Sustainable Biofuel Generation and Environmental Remediation from Lignocellulosic Substrates

Lignin (Ln) is an intricate byproduct that is present in all vascular plants.It is essential in the formation of cell walls, particularly in wood and bark, and the development of connective tissues, since it gives stiffness, strength and resistance against external stimuli like infections.Ln has a variety of economic uses, and its extraction might lead to the development of several novel applications.This study examined several ways of extracting Ln from Bm of RH and WH.TGA, SEM, PA, UA and other detailed characterization methods gave unexpected insights.Notably, WH yield 16% Ln, after 5 h, but RH yielded 13% after 4 h.Similarly, RH and WH yielded 10% and 12% Ln, after 3 h, respectively.WH had higher Ln yield than other Bm.These findings illustrate variability in Ln concentrations among Bm, when the alkaline method was used for giving more yield.