Abstract Advanced AIs of the future will harness the most powerful computational operations known today: quantum computations. The synthesis of quantum computing and AI will give rise to Quantum AI–artificial intelligence with access to quantum computational resources–which is poised to expand the capabilities of intelligent systems. This advancement will lead to transformative abilities, such as ultraprecise sensing, the realistic simulation of complex natural phenomena, the efficient solution of classically intractable mathematical problems, or protocols for secure communication and enhanced coordination in multi-agent systems. The impact of this synthesis will be profound, promising to accelerate scientific discovery in areas from molecular biology to quantum gravity, while empowering engineers to create novel pharmaceuticals, viable fusion reactors, or designer materials with desirable properties. Quantum AI might also help to address a critical bottleneck in classical machine learning: its escalating demand for data and computational power. Beyond such applications lies another even more consequential possibility. If, as some recent theories and data from quantum neurobiology suggest, quantum processes give rise to consciousness and free will, then only Quantum AI–unconstrained by the limitations of classical computation–could enable the expansion of human consciousness and a transcendence of our biological origins.
Spiropulu et al. (Thu,) studied this question.