One-Step Electrochemical Fabrication of Poly O-Cresolphthalein Complexone and Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide Modified Electrode for Detection of Nitrofurantoin

Nitrofurantoin (NFT) is a widely used antibiotic that requires sensitive and reliable detection due to its potential environmental and health impacts. In this study, a poly(O-cresolphthalein complexone)/electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (POC/ERGO) nanocomposite was electrochemically fabricated via one-step process and applied to a modified GCE for the electrochemical detection of nitrofurantoin. The sensing performance of the POC/ERGO-GCE was evaluated using CV and DPV. The developed sensor exhibited a wide linear detection range from 1 to 500 μM, and a low detection limit of 78.90 nM as determined by DPV. In addition, it demonstrated excellent anti-interference capability, good reproducibility and selectivity toward NFT, confirming the reliability of the proposed sensing platform. The enhanced performance is attributed to the increased electrochemically active surface area and improved electron transfer properties of the POC/ERGO-GCE. These results indicate that the proposed platform provides a reliable approach for the electrochemical detection of nitrofurantoin and offers a promising foundation for the development of antibiotic sensing systems.