Longitudinal study examines lifestyle effects on cognitive function in older adults, suggesting significant interactions.
Lifestyle research on cognitive health has been largely unidirectional and cross-sectional, with limited attention to multidimensional and bidirectional relationships; this study examines longitudinal associations in middle- and older adults. Data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (2006–2020) included physiological and psychosocial lifestyle factors and cognition assessed by the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE). Analyses used Mplus 8.9 with cross-lagged panel model (CLPM) and random intercept CLPM (RI-CLPM), adjusting for sex, age, smoking, drinking, and disability. CLPM showed significant lagged effects of lifestyle on cognition across waves (β = .010 to .013, p < .01), with intermittent reverse effects (β = .013 to .015, p < .05). The RI-CLPM confirmed a stable effect of lifestyle on cognition (β = .013 to .017, p < .05), whereas effects from cognition to lifestyle were mixed and nonsignificant (β = −.054 to .034, p > .05). A multidimensional lifestyle was associated with cognitive maintenance, whereas cognitive decline shows variable influences on lifestyle.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Lim et al. (2026) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: