Polyelectrolyte complexation has gained significant attention as an effective and versatile approach in the development of advanced pharmaceutical and biomedical systems. Formed through electrostatic interactions between oppositely charged polymers, these complexes offer unique physicochemical properties that support diverse therapeutic applications. The formation and stability of such systems are influenced by various factors, including pH, ionic strength, polymer concentration, molecular weight, and charge ratio. Based on their structural and functional characteristics, polyelectrolyte complexes can be classified into different types for specific biomedical purposes. Their mechanism of formation enables efficient drug encapsulation, sustained release, targeted delivery, and improved therapeutic efficacy. In addition to drug delivery, their applications extend to gene delivery, tissue engineering, wound healing, and vaccine formulations. Owing to advantages such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ease of preparation, polyelectrolyte complexation represents a promising strategy for designing innovative and efficient therapeutic systems.
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Anusha et al. (2026) studied this question.
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