A pragmatic and forceful paradigm known as “All-Alignment” has replaced the previous Nehruvian Non-Alignment in India’s foreign policy. This paper looks at this change after 2014 and places it in the larger framework of India’s quest for strategic autonomy and a multipolar world. The study examines India’s changing diplomatic relations with major world powers and its measured reactions to global upheavals using a multi-theoretical framework based on Neoclassical Realism, Constructivism, and Complex Interdependence Theory. The results show that “All-Alignment” is a modern kind of strategic autonomy, marked by issue-based coalitions, economic pragmatism, and adaptable multilateralism, rather than a break from it. India aspires to be a global pivot state that balances the interests of large powers while elevating the voice of the Global South, as evidenced by its exterior posture. By providing a conceptual update to India’s foreign policy doctrine and stressing its implications for new global governance models, this study adds to the body of literature on international relations. It contends that “All-Alignment” is a strategic framework that places India in the center of a more competitive and fractured global order rather than a type of reactive diplomacy.
Paul Arvind (Thu,) studied this question.