Semantic Adaptation of English Borrowed Words in Korean and Karakalpak Languages

This study explores the semantic adaptation of English loanwords in Korean and Karakalpak. It focuses on key processes such as semantic narrowing, broadening, shift, and pragmatic extension. Using a qualitative comparative approach, the research shows that while both languages modify borrowed meanings, Korean demonstrates faster and more dynamic adaptation, especially in media and everyday discourse, whereas Karakalpak reflects a more gradual and culturally grounded process. The findings highlight the role of sociolinguistic and cultural factors in shaping semantic change.