A Case of Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis Presenting with Episodes of Apnea

Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is narrowing of the pyloric duct due to hyperplasia of pyloric smooth muscle fibers. It is the most common cause of gastric outlet stenosis during neonatal period. It usually presents with projectile nonbilious vomiting in an otherwise healthy infants at 3 to 6 weeks of age. Undiagnosed cases may have a course with dehydration, severely poor feeding, acid-base imbalance and apnea, which may lead to death when neglected. Previous studies have reported that it is 4-fold more common in boys than girls. Although history and physical examination is sufficient to make the diagnosis, it is detected by ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced passage x-rays. Treatment is surgical extramucosal pyloromyotomy. In this manuscript, we aimed to report a 37-day-old male case which was admitted with complaints of intermittent dysnpnea-apnea, somnolence, and difficulty feeding persisting for a week, and then diagnosed with IHPS.