A latent profile analysis of hemodialysis nurses’ knowledge, attitude, and practice toward medical device alarm fatigue in Henan, China

Background This study aims to investigate the characteristic variances in the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) levels concerning medical device alarm fatigue among hemodialysis nurses and analyze the influencing factors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling. Between May and June 2023, a total of 1,187 hemodialysis nurses from 126 units in Henan Province completed the survey. After data cleaning, 1,154 nurses were included in the final analysis. Research instruments included a general information questionnaire, a KAP questionnaire on medical device alarm fatigue for hemodialysis nurses, and a resilience scale. Latent profile analysis was carried out to categorize the KAP levels. Single-factor analysis and multinomial logistic regression were employed to identify influencing factors. Results The KAP levels were divided into three categories: the medium-level group (73.9%), the knowledge deficit group (10.3%), and the high-level group (15.8%). Compared with the high-level group, nurses aged under 30 years and those with 1–5 years of experience had higher odds of being in the medium-level group. Nurses who had received training on medical device alarm-related knowledge and those with higher resilience scores had lower odds of being in the medium-level group or the knowledge-deficit group. Furthermore, compared with the high-level group, nurses working in higher-grade hospitals, those who had participated in adverse event analysis, and those with higher resilience scores had lower odds of being in the knowledge-deficit group. Conclusion The KAP levels regarding medical device alarm fatigue among hemodialysis nurses demonstrate heterogeneity. Nursing managers may consider designing targeted interventions based on the influencing factors of different categories to improve the KAP levels. Future intervention studies incorporating objective measures are needed to confirm these findings.