Key result
RCMDR dietary pattern education significantly lowers clustered cardiometabolic risk scores vs general health education.
Why the study?
The efficacy of a reducing cardiometabolic disease risk (RCMDR) dietary pattern health education intervention on CMD risk and carotid atherosclerosis in older Chinese adults needed evaluation.
Does a reducing cardiometabolic disease risk (RCMDR) dietary pattern health education intervention reduce clustered cardiometabolic risk score in community-dwelling older adults?
RCT (n=694)
cluster randomized
No
Does a reducing cardiometabolic disease risk (RCMDR) dietary pattern health education intervention reduce clustered cardiometabolic risk score in community-dwelling older adults?
Mean Difference: -0.25 (95% CI -0.31–-0.19)
p-value: p=<0.05
A 12-month targeted dietary pattern health education intervention significantly improved cardiometabolic risk scores and delayed carotid atherosclerosis progression in older Chinese adults.
May support dietary education for lower cardiometabolic risk; leaves open effects on clinical events.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of the reducing cardiometabolic disease risk (RCMDR) dietary pattern health education intervention on cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk and carotid atherosclerosis in the Chinese older population. DESIGN: The cluster randomized clinical trial was conducted from April 2023 to December 2024. Participants according to residential areas were randomized to the intervention group (2 clusters) or control group (2 clusters). SETTING: Single-center in Tianjin, China. PARTICIPANTS: 694 community older residents (61-80 years): intervention group (n = 349) and control group (n = 345). INTERVENTION: Participants in the intervention group received the RCMDR dietary pattern health education intervention, while those in the control group received general health education. The intervention period lasted 12 months. MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome was clustered cardiometabolic risk score (CMRS). The secondary outcomes included common carotid artery ultrasound parameters and cardiometabolic risk indicators. Analysis was intention-to-treat principle. RESULTS: Of 694 participants, 411 (59.2%) were female; mean (SD) age was 68.2 (5.1) years. Compared with the control group, the RCMDR dietary pattern health education intervention resulted in a significantly lower CMRS (β = -0.25; 95% CI -0.31, -0.19); lower intima-media thickness (β = -0.05, 95% CI -0.08, -0.02); lower serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; lower fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, fasting C-peptide and HOMA-IR, higher HOMA-β; lower serum homocysteine; lower systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure; lower weight, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat percentage, body fat mass and Chinese visceral adiposity index, higher lean body mass (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The RCMDR dietary pattern health education intervention could reduce the CMD risk, delayed the progression of carotid atherosclerosis and improved cardiometabolic factors among Chinese older population.
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Wu et al. (2026) conducted an RCT in cardiometabolic disease risk and carotid atherosclerosis (n=694). reducing cardiometabolic disease risk (RCMDR) dietary pattern health education vs. general health education was evaluated on clustered cardiometabolic risk score (CMRS) (β -0.25, 95% CI -0.31, -0.19, p=<0.05). The RCMDR dietary pattern health education intervention significantly lowered the clustered cardiometabolic risk score compared to general health education (β = -0.25; 95% CI -0.31 to -0.19; P<0.05).
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