Each 1-unit increase in liver fat percentage was associated with a 3% increase in Aix75, 0.1 m/s in PWV, and 0.07-unit in i3C score, independent of atherogenic lipids and inflammation (all p<0.01).
Cross-Sectional (n=87)
Is liver fat associated with cardiovascular risk measures in South Asian, African American, and White adolescents and young adults?
Liver fat is independently associated with cardiovascular risk measures such as arterial stiffness and combined-risk scores in adolescents and young adults across different ancestries.
Effect estimate: 3% increase in Aix75, 0.1 m/s in PWV, and 0.07-unit in i3C score per 1-unit increase in %LF
p-value: p=<0.01
Introduction and Objective: Individuals of South Asian (SA) ancestry have greater liver fat (LF) and cardiovascular (CV) risk than African Americans (AA) or Whites (W). LF independently predicts CV disease in adults, but this association remains controversial in youth. We examined the relationship of LF with CV risk measures, i.e. arterial stiffness and the International Childhood Cardiovascular Cohort (i3C) combined-risk z-score, in SA, AA and W adolescents and young adults (AYA). Methods: A cross-sectional study of SA, AA and W AYA (12-21y) with BMI ≥80%ile (BMI ≥23 kg/m2 if ≥18y). %LF was measured by 1H-MRS. Arterial stiffness pulse wave velocity (PWV, m/s), augmentation index at heart rate 75 (Aix75, %) was obtained via tonometry. i3C scores were calculated using systolic blood pressure, BMI, smoking, total cholesterol, and triglycerides z-scores. Generalized robust linear regression models determined the relationship of LF with CV risk. Results: Of 87 AYA (mean±SD: 19.1±2.6y, BMI z-score 1.3±0.6 kg/m2), 54% were female, 28 SA, 29 AA, 30 W. SA AYA were 1.3y older and had the highest %LF (predicted marginal mean±SE: SA: 3.9±0.8, AA: 1.3±0.2, W: 1.7±0.4, p≤0.012). SA had higher Aix75 compared to W (SA: 16.9±3.4, AA: 18.1±2.6, W: 5.3±3.1; SA vs. W p=0.014). There was no difference in PWV (SA: 5.3±0.2, AA: 4.9±0.2, W: 5.5±0.2; SA vs. W p=0.51) or i3C score (SA: 0.23±.08, AA: 0.19±.08, W: 0.24±.09; SA vs. W p=0.87). Each 1-unit increase in %LF was associated with an increase of 3% in Aix75, 0.1 m/s in PWV, and 0.07-unit in i3C score, adjusting for age, sex, Tanner stage and ancestry (all p0.01). The relationship of %LF with Aix75 and i3C score remained significant after adjusting for atherogenic lipids, lipoproteins and C-reactive protein. No effect modification by ancestry was detected. Conclusion: In SA, AA and W AYA, LF was related to CV risk measures independent of atherogenic lipids and inflammation. SA and AA AYA had higher Aix75 than W. Our study suggests that in SA AYA, increased Aix75 is related to higher LF, independent of slightly higher age. Disclosure N. Malandrino: None. I.N. Kacker: None. I. Kamel: None. G. Zandieh: None. R.J. McCarter: None. P.B. Barker: None. S.C. Hui: None. I. Ozdemir: None. A. Kelly: None. S. Chung: None. S.N. Magge: None. Funding National Institutes of Health (R01DK115648, DK019525), CTSA National Institutes of Health (UL1TR001079, UL1TR001878), Intramural Program of the National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases.
Malandrino et al. (Fri,) conducted a cross-sectional in Cardiovascular risk (n=87). Liver fat was evaluated on Cardiovascular risk measures (arterial stiffness and i3C combined-risk z-score) (3% increase in Aix75, 0.1 m/s in PWV, and 0.07-unit in i3C score per 1-unit increase in %LF, p=<0.01). Each 1-unit increase in liver fat percentage was associated with a 3% increase in Aix75, 0.1 m/s in PWV, and 0.07-unit in i3C score, independent of atherogenic lipids and inflammation (all p<0.01).
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