Oblique Close Wedge versus Modified Step Cut Osteotomy for Cubitus Varus Deformity in Children: A Prospective Non-Randomized Study

Introduction: Cubitus varus is a delayed complication of neglected supracondylar humerus fractures in children. Both oblique closing-wedge and modified step-cut osteotomies are widely used corrective techniques, but prospective comparative data are limited. Materials and Methods: In this prospective non-randomized comparative study, 30 patients with cubitus varus deformity were divided into two groups: Oblique closing-wedge osteotomy (Group 1, n = 15) and modified step-cut osteotomy (Group 2, n = 15). Radiological correction was assessed using carrying angle, and functional outcomes were evaluated using elbow flexion- extension arc, prono-supination arc, and Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS). Radiological union time was recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using an independent t-test and Chi-square test. Results: The mean age was 14.9 ± 2.7 years, with comparable baseline characteristics between groups (P = 0.741). Both groups showed significant deformity correction, with mean post-operative carrying angles of 13.0° ± 4.9° and 11.5° ± 5.6°, respectively (P = 0.432). The mean MEPS was 88.0 ± 7.8 in Group 1 and 90.0 ± 8.7 in Group 2 (P = 0.511). Elbow flexion extension arc, prono-supination arc, and union time were similar between groups (P > 0.05). Both the osteotomies achieved radiological union. The mean follow-up duration was 14.2 ± 2.8 months. Conclusion: Both oblique closing-wedge and modified step-cut osteotomies provide effective correction of cubitus varus with comparable radiological and functional outcomes. Both techniques are safe and reliable options in children.