A Rare Case of Salmonella Typhimurium Prosthetic Joint Infection in Total Hip Arthroplasty in a Young Patient with Long-term Corticosteroid Therapy

Introduction: Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) following total hip arthroplasty is commonly caused by Gram-positive organisms, whereas Salmonella Typhimurium infection is rare and usually associated with immunocompromised states. Case Report: A 32-year-old male with long-term corticosteroid therapy for seronegative inflammatory arthritis underwent bilateral total hip arthroplasty and later presented with right hip pain and intermittent fever. Laboratory investigations revealed elevated inflammatory markers, and radiographs demonstrated prosthetic loosening. The patient underwent implant removal, extensive debridement, and insertion of an antibiotic-loaded cement spacer. Intraoperative cultures yielded Salmonella Typhimurium sensitive to ciprofloxacin. Following staged surgical management and culture-directed antibiotic therapy, the patient showed good clinical recovery with no evidence of persistent infection at follow-up. Conclusion: Salmonella PJI is uncommon but should be considered in immunocompromised patients. Early diagnosis, staged revision surgery, and targeted antimicrobial therapy are essential for successful outcomes.