When Affection Becomes Risk: Human–Dog Interactions Associated with Bite and Scratch Injuries in a Survey of Dog Owners’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Thailand

Owning a pet dog provides significant mental and physical health benefits for humans. However, undesirable canine behaviors may result in bite or scratch injuries, leading to infection risks, psychological consequences, and potential dog abandonment. This study hypothesized that specific human–dog interactions are associated with unwanted canine behaviors and may increase the risk of injury in humans. The objectives were to determine the prevalence of dog-related bite and scratch injuries; assess dog owners’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and evaluate their associations with specific interaction patterns. Data were collected through an online survey of dog owners in Thailand. Most respondents were young women with a bachelor’s degree, residing in Central Thailand, and owning a single dog. Interactions associated with increased injury occurrence included grooming; administering medication; removing food or toys; interrupting dog fights; and close physical contact including petting, hugging, and kissing. Injuries in strangers were most commonly triggered by entry into the dog’s territory. Younger owners (18–34 years) were at increased risk, particularly during grooming and frequent petting. General awareness of rabies, bacterial infection, and wound management was adequate. However, there were still misconceptions about dog behavior. These findings highlight key risk factors and support targeted educational interventions to reduce injuries and improve animal welfare.