A Field Study on the Impact of Green Human Resource Management and Green Organizational Culture as Mediating Variables on the Relationship Between Green Leadership and Green Innovation in the General Authority of Customs in the State of Qatar

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the relationship between green leadership and green innovationin government institutions, with a specific focus on the General Authority of Customs inQatar as a case study. The study is grounded in the importance of adopting sustainablepractices in governmental work environments, considering national and global trends towardsustainable development. It also aims to understand the role played by both green humanresource management and green organizational culture in strengthening this relationship.The study employed a quantitative methodology, with data collected through a questionnairedistributed to a sample of 380 employees at the General Authority of Customs in Qatar. Thedata was analyzed using structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) through the SmartPLSsoftware, in order to test the hypotheses developed based on the theoretical framework andprevious studies.The results revealed statistically significant direct effects of green leadership on green humanresource management, green organizational culture, and green innovation. The findings alsoshowed that these two mediating variables partially explain and enhance this relationship.Moreover, the results indicated a positive direct effect of green human resource managementon green organizational culture, highlighting the reciprocal interaction betweenadministrative policies and institutional culture.The study’s findings supported several theories, such as transformational leadership theory,dynamic resource theory, organizational culture theory, and stakeholder theory. Theseoutcomes contributed to presenting an integrated conceptual model that helps understand themechanisms enhancing environmental innovation within institutions.Finally, the study concluded with a set of practical recommendations for the GeneralAuthority of Customs and similar institutions, including the development of green leadershipprograms, the strengthening of environmental policies in human resources, and thereinforcement of a sustainability-oriented organizational culture. It also proposed futureresearch pathways to deepen understanding of the interactions among these variables invarious organizational contexts.