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Longitudinal study investigates nature exposure's impact on well-being and environmental behavior among remote workers, suggesting design strategies for healthier environments.
This longitudinal study, conducted during the COVID‐19 pandemic, investigates how indoor and outdoor nature exposure relate to wellbeing and environmental behavior among remote workers. We recruited 460 US participants at baseline and tracked them over four surveys (2020–2023), examining impacts of indoor features (plants, natural materials, biophilic décor, and natural light/views) and outdoor time on stress, creativity, and workplace/residential environmental behavior. Linear mixed‐effects models showed natural materials reduced stress and enhanced creativity, whereas indoor plants and natural light/views promoted environmental behaviors in workplace and residence. Aggregated indoor natural elements were associated with workplace environmental behavior and creativity. Outdoor nature time mainly influenced residential environmental behavior. These effects were moderated by environmental attitudes: Those with higher self‐inclusion in nature benefited more from indoor nature, whereas those with stronger ecological worldviews exhibited greater behavioral responsiveness. Findings highlight complementary roles of indoor and outdoor nature, informing design strategies for healthier, more sustainable environments.
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Xu et al. (2026) studied this question.
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