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This review examines the prevalence and patterns of substance use among Iranian school students.

June 13, 2026Health Science ReportsOpen Access

The Prevalence of Substance Use Among Students and Associated Factors: A Systematic Review With Narrative Synthesis

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Systematic review investigates substance use prevalence in Iranian students, highlighting important cultural factors.

This review examines the prevalence and patterns of substance use among Iranian school students.
Systematic search of online databases from 2003 to present in Persian and English.
Narrative synthesis of prevalence data from 35 cross-sectional studies.
Analysis included approximately 45,000 students across various provinces.
Lifetime prevalence of any substance use ranged from 1.4% to 55.9% with a median of 20%.
Cigarette smoking prevalence ranged from 0.4% to 32.7%, median 15%; alcohol use from 6.8% to 37.7%, median 13%; hookah usage up to 59%.
Rates were higher among boys and in southeastern provinces like Kerman and Zahedan.

Nikta Bazleh (2026) studied this question.

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