Stigma and Borderline Personality Disorder: An Umbrella Scoping Review of Existing Reviews

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a common mental health condition that remains highly stigmatized in health care settings. Numerous reviews have examined stigma related to BPD, yet findings remain varied across methodologies and focus areas. The objective of this umbrella scoping review was to synthesize existing literature by mapping the volume, scope, and characteristics of published reviews. Methodological quality was assessed using the JBI checklist and reported using PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted across six databases. Fourteen reviews met eligibility criteria, and the methodological approaches were highly heterogeneous. Data were synthesized and analysed using thematic analysis. Five broad themes emerged: (1) attitudes and perceptions of HCP, (2) diagnostic labelling of BPD, (3) internalization of stigma, (4) inadequate institutional structures, and (5) stigma reduction initiatives. Most reviews originated from the UK (n = 8) and Australia (n = 4). Social stigma, particularly negative attitudes among health care providers, was the dominant focus, while structural stigma was rarely addressed despite its recognized importance. Educational interventions have shown varying success, and individuals with BPD continue to face discrimination and restricted access to care. Stigma, often reinforced by the diagnostic label, remains a structural barrier to equitable health care. These findings highlight the need for systemic approaches to stigma reduction, integration of stigma reduction education into clinical training, and policy reforms to improve access and quality of care for individuals with BPD.