Aircraft Noise Pollution and Health Outcomes among Residents Living Near Airport Flight Paths: A Delhi Case Study (Vasant Kunj & Dwarka)

Background: Ambient aircraft noise poses increased risk of lifestyle, cardiovascular, metabolic, and hearing disorders. Study assessed health effects among exposed residents located under Delhi International Airport flight path compared with control groups. Methods: A cross--sectional survey of 1,600 residents at study location using a structured questionnaire recorded noise perception and health complaints. Clinical evaluation included blood pressure, pulse, otoscopic examination, classical hearing tests along with Otoacoustic Emission (OAE) testing. Noise levels were measured using a dosimeter. Results: Exposed areas exhibited higher peak noise (>93dB) compared to controls (71dB). Residents reported significantly increased noise annoyance (56%), sleep disturbances (10%), day-time sleepiness (12%) and increased OAE abnormalities (10%), while cardiovascular and behavioural parameters differences were non-significant. Conclusion: Persistent aircraft noise exposure leads to adverse health effects and increased public health burden therefore suggesting immediate mitigation steps.