Diagnosis of Kaposi’s sarcoma via gastric biopsy leading to the detection of an AIDS case in a report

Kaposi's sarcoma is a vascular low-grade malignant tumor that is frequently observed in immunocompromised patients, particularly those with AIDS, and is caused by Human Herpesvirus 8. This case report presents a case of gastric Kaposi's sarcoma identified through gastric mucosa biopsy, which eventually resulted in an AIDS diagnosis. The Digestive Endoscopy Center at Jilin received a male patient in his mid-30s in 2024 with a chief complaint of "abdominal and periumbilical pain for two weeks." Esophagogastroduodenoscopy demonstrated dispersed white patches throughout the esophagus mucosa, along with localized raised lesions exhibiting depressed surfaces and congestion in the gastric body. The esophageal biopsy confirmed fungal esophagitis, while the gastric body mucosa biopsy confirmed Kaposi's sarcoma. This case report aims to improve the diagnostic skills for identifying gastrointestinal Kaposi's sarcoma in individuals with digestive symptoms by analyzing clinical manifestations and pathological results from gastric mucosa biopsies.