Coexistence Analysis of 5G C-Band Indoor Deployments and Fixed Satellite Service (FSS) in Malaysia

<ns3:p>Several satellite services, including the Fixed Satellite Service (FSS), rely on the C-Band (3. 4–4. 2 GHz), which provides wide coverage and high availability despite weather effects. As a mid-band spectrum ideal for 5G, its allocation to cellular networks raises interference concerns, potentially disrupting satellite services and causing a significant economic impact. This paper presents a 5G propagation model and an interference investigation with 5G cellular networks operating below the 6 GHz band in the optimization of exclusion zones for 5G and FSS coexistence scenarios. To fine-tune the exclusion zone and identify better conditions between 5G and FSS. We provide an extensive 5G-cellular downlink analysis that considers potential Low-Noise Block (LNB) saturation at the FSS Earth station receiver. Moreover, we put new 5G network-based cellular networks into practice. Prior to the power signal transmission ceasing the network, high-antenna receivers were employed in both indoor and outdoor settings at various locations using the 5G base station transmitter to receive signal input from inside the proposed location. Additionally, a spectrum analyzer was used to examine the power signal received in contrast to the data signal acquired for the proposed projects. According to the findings of this study, spectrum regulators and other pertinent stakeholders will be impacted by the possible deployment of 5G cellular networks in C-band operating FSS Earth station receivers. The study also suggests and assesses strategies that might be used to encourage the coexistence of both systems, such as turning off important emitters or reducing their transmission capacity.</ns3:p>