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June 14, 2026Frontiers in OncologyOpen Access

Risk factors associated with postoperative lymphocele in patients with gynecological malignant tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Systematic review identifies risk factors for postoperative lymphoceles in gynecological patients, indicating prevention strategies.

This analysis aims to identify risk factors associated with postoperative lymphocele in patients with gynecological malignancies.
Conducted a systematic search across eight databases up to August 15, 2025.
Included cohort and case-control studies with risk assessment via the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
Statistical analyses performed using STATA 18.0, applying fixed or random-effects models.
Pooled incidence of postoperative lymphocele was found to be 30.18%.
Key risk factors included age >50 years (OR = 1.21), BMI ≥24 kg/m² (OR = 1.45), and laparotomy (OR = 2.76).
Prolonged drainage (>3d) showed an increased risk (OR = 1.60), while postoperative chemotherapy had an OR of 1.85.

Ting-yu et al. (2026) studied this question.

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