Luminescent Probes Based on Europium Metal–Organic Frameworks for Visual Detection of Pesticides and Antibiotics

Drug residues are one of the key issues currently affecting people’s health and contributing to environmental pollution. The development of a simple, fast, highly sensitive, and recyclable drug residue detection platform is of great importance. In this paper, we have developed a dual-functional Eu-based metal–organic framework (MOF), Eu(phen)(5-hipa)NO 3 – (JLJU-14), via the solvothermal method as a fluorescence probe for the quantitative detection of enrofloxacin (ENR) and carbaryl (CBL) in aqueous solutions. The experimental results show that the fluorescence intensity of JLJU-14 has a good linear relationship with the detected enrofloxacin and carbaryl, and it is also well protected against interference and stable in circulation. JLJU-14 exhibits good linear relationships for ENR and CBL detection, with Stern–Volmer quenching constants (Ksv) of 8.809 × 10 4 M –1 and 5.913 × 10 4 M –1, and limits of detection (LOD) of 5.02 μM and 5.66 μM, respectively. In addition, JLJU-14, which integrates smartphone imaging and RGB recognition technology, can be successfully applied for fast and convenient visual inspection of carbaryl. The developed fluorescent probe JLJU-14, when combined with smart devices, has the potential to enable low-cost and convenient visual detection of pesticides, providing a new approach to ensuring food and environmental safety.