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June 14, 2026ISIJ InternationalOpen Access

Influencing the Evolution of Inclusions and Microstructure Refinement in U71Mn Heavy Rail Steel with Mixed Rare Earth Elements

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Authors

XYXiming YangLRLei RenJYJie Yang

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Overview

Randomized trial shows improved microstructure in U71Mn steel via La-Ce treatment, suggesting enhanced steel performance.

Key Points

  • This study investigates how rare earth elements La and Ce affect inclusions and microstructure in U71Mn heavy rail steel.
  • Utilized vacuum induction melting for steel processing.
  • Characterized inclusions with SEM–EDS techniques.
  • Conducted thermodynamic calculations to analyze modification behavior.
  • At La 0.0082% and Ce 0.0045%, rare-earth-modified MnS inclusions form, improving melt purification.
  • Increasing La and Ce to 0.016% and 0.010% eliminates MnS inclusions, favoring spherical rare-earth inclusions.
  • Modification enhances grain boundary pinning and refines the microstructure, leading to better steel properties.

Cite This Study

Yang et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a2e45adb1cc60ccdea8aa03https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.isijint-2025-413
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Research on the mechanism of the rare-earth Ce regulating inclusions in U71Mn heavy rail steel and improving its corrosion resistance2026
  2. 2Synergistic Regulation of Inclusion Characteristics by La–Ce Mixed Rare Earth and Its Impact on the Mechanical Properties of U71Mn Steel2026
  3. 3Effect of Rare‐Earth Cerium on Inclusion Evolution in 25Mn‐0.45C‐0.3Al Ultra‐High‐Manganese Steel2026
  4. 4Effect of Rare Earth Elements (La and Ce) on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of U75V Steel2026
  5. 5Effect of Rare‐Earth Cerium on Nonmetallic Inclusions in Novel Cryogenic High‐Mn Steel2026