This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity (SO), osteosarcopenia (OS), and osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO) in older adults attending an outpatient geriatrics clinic, and to examine their associations with comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) parameters. Retrospective cross-sectional study, 202 patients aged ≥ 65 years who visited the Geriatrics Outpatient Clinic were evaluated. Muscle mass and osteoporosis status were assessed using Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). CGA included activities of daily living ( ADL and IADL), cognitive function (three-word recall and clock drawing tests), nutritional status (mini nutritional assessment short form, MNA-SF), and frailty (clinical frailty scale, CFS). The prevalence of sarcopenia (according to EWGSOP2), SO (ESPEN-EASO criteria), OS, and OSO was calculated and their relationships with CGA measures were analyzed. The median age was 77 years, with 58.9% women. The prevalence of sarcopenia, SO, OS, and OSO was 62.4%, 43.1%, 37.6%, and 24.3%, respectively. Patients with sarcopenia showed significant differences in age, weight, body mass index, cognitive tests, handgrip strength, gait speed, MNA-SF, SARC-F, and CFS (all p < 0.05). Individuals with SO were older than those without. OS was associated with worse cognitive scores, chair stand test, nutritional status, and frailty (all p < 0.05). Patients with OSO exhibited poorer results in cognitive tests, handgrip strength, SARC-F, and CFS compared with those without OSO (all p < 0.05). Sarcopenia, SO, OS, and OSO are highly prevalent among outpatient older adults and are closely linked with multiple CGA domains, highlighting the need for integrated screening approaches in geriatric clinical practice.
Çiçek et al. (Fri,) studied this question.