Shows a toxoplasmosis outbreak in neotropical primates, indicating a significant zoonotic concern.
BACKGROUND: Toxoplasmosis and leishmaniosis are zoonotic diseases that affect several species of neotropical primates. METHODS: Three black lion tamarins (Leontopithecus chrysopygus) kept at a Brazilian zoo died due to a superacute disease. Tissue samples were collected for histopathology, cytology, PCR, and genotyping by PCR-RFLP and microsatellite (MS) analysis. RESULTS: Toxoplasma gondii was detected by PCR in all tissue samples analyzed. The Brazilian lineage Type BrII (ToxoDB-PCR-RFLP #11 genotype) was identified in three animals, and the analysis with MS confirmed the same source of infection. Amastigotes of Leishmania sp. were visualized in cytology and confirmed by IHC in the three animals. CONCLUSION: This is the first time that this genotype has been confirmed associated with an outbreak of toxoplasmosis affecting neotropical primates in Brazil, or associated with infection by Leishmania sp.
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Lima et al. (2026) studied this question.
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