Risks and safety management in photovoltaic systems

The application of solar photovoltaic systems has experienced significant growth in recent years, resulting in an increasing number of workers involved in the design, installation, operation, and maintenance of solar power plants. Although solar technology is generally considered relatively safe during operation, certain stages of its life cycle involve specific occupational health and safety (OHS) risks. This paper aims to present and systematize the key risks and protective measures in the field of solar energy through a review of scientific literature, technical reports, and relevant standards. The research methodology is based on the qualitative analysis and classification of hazards identified during different phases of solar power plant operation. The results indicate that the most common risks are associated with working at heights, exposure to direct current electrical hazards, and the influence of climatic and organizational factors. Particular emphasis is placed on the implementation of safe work procedures, the use of appropriate personal protective equipment, continuous worker training, and the introduction of safety management systems in accordance with international standards. It is concluded that effective OHS risk management requires an integrated approach combining technical, organizational, and educational measures aimed at reducing workplace injuries and improving safety in the solar industry.