What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to identify the factors contributing to elementary school dropout among girls in rural Sindh, Pakistan, using a mixed theoretical approach.

June 14, 2026International journal of comparative education and development

Girls' educational exclusion in rural Pakistan: intersections of push–pull dynamics and gender inequality

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Authors

ASAbdul Basit SoomroSukkur IBA University IRIrfan Ahmed RindSohar University AGAdil Hussain GhaniSukkur IBA University

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Implication

Qualitative case study explores dropout drivers for girls in rural Pakistan, suggesting targeted policy interventions.

Key Points

This research aims to identify the factors contributing to elementary school dropout among girls in rural Sindh, Pakistan, using a mixed theoretical approach.
Qualitative case study design involving semi-structured interviews with 10 out-of-school girls
Thematic analysis based on push-pull theory and gender inequality perspectives
Investigated school, household, and sociocultural factors influencing dropout
Identified push factors such as poor school quality and harsh teacher behavior contributing to dropout
Found pull factors like poverty, safety issues, and early marriage enhancing dropouts
Highlighting that systemic gender inequality complicates educational exclusion rather than portraying it as a personal choice

Cite This Study

Soomro et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a2e4704b1cc60ccdea8ba68 https://doi.org/10.1108/ijced-02-2026-0018

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Girls' educational exclusion in rural Pakistan: intersections of push–pull dynamics and gender inequality

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Cite This Study

Girls' educational exclusion in rural Pakistan: intersections of push–pull dynamics and gender inequality

Discussion

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Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

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