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June 14, 2026ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

Mechanochemical and Aging-Based Amidation of Bulk and Nanowhisker Chitosan via Water-Catalyzed Carbodiimide Coupling

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Authors

ARAustin J. RichardBBBérénice BaltzingerRFRenzo Favaro

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Overview

Randomized trial demonstrates improved amidation efficacy in chitosan, suggesting a safer chemical approach.

Key Points

  • The research aims to enhance chitosan functionalization via mechanochemical amidation while reducing hazardous solvents and reagents.
  • Utilized water-catalyzed carbodiimide coupling during mechanochemical processing, specifically liquid-assisted grinding (LAG).
  • Evaluated over 30 carboxylic acids for efficiency with a focus on small, hydrophobic acids.
  • Investigated the effect of mechanochemical aging on chitosan and chitosan nanowhiskers.
  • Achieved significant amidation of chitosan under H2O-LAG conditions, maximizing degree of substitution.
  • Found that small, hydrophobic carboxylic acids resulted in higher coupling efficacy.
  • Demonstrated successful imaging and synthesis of chitosan nanowhiskers with functionalized side chains.

Cite This Study

Richard et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a2e47cdb1cc60ccdea8c457https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.6c02162
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