Study the Efficiency of Moving Bed Bio-Film Reactor (Mbbr) for Dairy Wastewater Treatment

The dairy industry generates large quantities of wastewater containing high concentrations of biodegradable organic matter, which can cause significant environmental pollution if discharged without proper treatment. This study evaluates the performance of a laboratory-scale Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) for the treatment of dairy wastewater using waste plastic bottle caps as low-cost biofilm carrier media. The reactor was operated under aerobic conditions with different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) and media filling ratios to assess the removal efficiency of key pollution indicators, including Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD). Dairy wastewater samples collected from a dairy effluent treatment plant were analyzed using standard methods. Experimental results demonstrated that treatment efficiency increased with both HRT and media filling ratio. The highest performance was achieved at 48 hours HRT and 50% media filling ratio, resulting in COD and BOD removal efficiencies of 67.80% and 70.83%, respectively. The MBBR system consistently outperformed the conventional Activated Sludge Process (ASP) under similar operating conditions. Biofilm development on the recycled plastic carriers enhanced microbial activity and contributed to stable reactor performance. The study demonstrates that waste plastic bottle caps can serve as an effective and sustainable carrier medium for MBBR systems, providing an environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach for dairy wastewater treatment. The findings highlight the potential application of this technology for small and medium-scale dairy industries seeking efficient wastewater management solutions.