Tailored implementation of multidomain intervention to prevent cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults (Timi-Cog): A study protocol for a hybrid type 2 trial effectiveness-implementation study

Background Arm 2, EBP with implementation strategies; and Arm 3 (control), health education with implementation strategies. The EBP package includes cardio-metabolic risk management, cognitive training, physical activity, and nutritional counseling. Implementation uses three bundles: (1) Capacity Building and Professional Support, (2) Collaborative Implementation and Network Building, and (3) an AI-enabled WeChat mini-program (Timi-Cog). Outcomes will be assessed using the Re -AIM framework over 18 months. Statistical analysis will employ mixed-effects linear models, adjusted for baseline characteristics and clustering effects. Conclusions & Implications This theory-informed initiative addresses the dementia prevention implementation gap in China. By combining BCW/TDF frameworks with implementation science methods and employing a hybrid design, the study will generate robust evidence on both clinical effectiveness and practical implementation, informing the integration of multidomain NPIs into China’s primary care system. Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2500098587).