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Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology has gained significant attention over the past decade for measuring inertial angular velocity. However, due to inherent complexity, MEMS gyroscopes typically feature up to ten times more parameters than traditional sensors, making selection a challenging task even for experts. This study addresses this challenge, focusing on defensive guidance, navigation, and control (GNC) systems where precise and reliable angular velocity measurement is critical to overall performance. A comprehensive mathematical model is introduced to encapsulate all key MEMS parameters, accompanied by discussions on calibration and Allan variance interpretation. For six leading MEMS gyroscope applications, namely inertial navigation, integrated navigation, autopilot systems, rotating projectiles, homing guidance, and north finding, the most critical parameters are identified, distinguishing suitable and unsuitable sensor choices. Special emphasis is placed on inertial navigation systems, where practical rules of thumb for error evaluation are derived using six degrees of freedom motion equations. Rigorous simulations demonstrate the influence of various sensor parameters through real-world case studies, including static navigation, multi-rotor attitude estimation, gimbal stabilization, and north finding via a turntable. This work aims to be a beacon for practitioners across diverse fields, empowering them to make more informed design decisions.
Behzad Ahi (Wed,) studied this question.