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June 15, 2026Journal of Environmental Economics and ManagementOpen Access

The impact of wildfire smoke on local avian biodiversity

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Authors

SMSarah MeierESEric Strobl

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Overview

Randomized trial evaluates the effect of wildfire smoke on avian biodiversity, indicating significant consequences for wildlife.

Key Points

  • This research investigates how wildfire smoke affects bird diversity in the United States over time.
  • Combines data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey and satellite imagery from 2008 to 2022.
  • Uses panel fixed effects instrumental variable estimation to analyze the impact of PM2.5.
  • Examines biodiversity impacts across various ecosystems, focusing on species richness and phylogenetic diversity.
  • A standard deviation increase in wildfire-specific PM2.5 pollution reduces species richness, abundance, and phylogenetic diversity by about 0.1 sd.
  • In the most polluted areas, effects can reach up to 2–3 standard deviations.
  • Biodiversity impacts are particularly pronounced in North American Deserts and Eastern Temperate Forests.

Cite This Study

Meier et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a2f966ca1cfeec490827cdchttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2026.103379
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Also Consider

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  2. 2Quantifying Wildfire Heavy-Dense Smoke’s Persistent Effects on PM <sub>2.5</sub> Speciation across U.S. Regions: Evidence from 2007 to 2023 Smoke Events2026
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