Antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of Protaetia brevitarsis larvae against oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide

Oxidative stress is a major contributing factor to neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease.This study investigated the nutritional composition, in vitro radical scavenging activities, and neuroprotective effects of Protaetia brevitarsis larvae against hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 )-induced oxidative stress in C6 glial cells and SH-SY5Y neuronal cells.The P. brevitarsis larvae powder contained 51.10% crude protein, 16.10% crude fat, and 20.80% carbohydrates.In addition, P. brevitarsis larvae contained free amino acids, with high amounts of glutamic acid, arginine, leucine, lysine, and valine.The ethanol extract of P. brevitarsis larvae increased 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and superoxide radical scavenging activities and exhibited over 90% hydroxyl radical scavenging activity.The ethanol extract (5 -25 µg• mL -1 ) of P. brevitarsis larvae significantly increased cell viability, reduced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and suppressed intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in H 2 O 2 -treated C6 glial cells, compared to the H 2 O 2 -treated control group.Similarly, treatment of the extract (1 -5 µg•mL -1 ) significantly increased cell viability and attenuated LDH activity and ROS generation induced by oxidative stress in H 2 O 2 -treated SH-SY5Y neuronal cells.These results indicated that P. brevitarsis larvae attenuated neuronal oxidative stress in both neuronal and glial cells.