Artificial intelligence in peer review: beyond the distinction between assistance and substitution

Key Points

• The aim is to explore the roles of artificial intelligence in the peer review process, focusing on assistance versus substitution.
• Analyzed current AI applications in peer review systems.
• Evaluated implications for academic publishing and researcher workflows.
• Provided a conceptual framework for understanding AI's role.
• Identified distinct roles of AI as supportive tools rather than complete replacements.
• Highlighted potential efficiencies AI brings to the review process.
• Suggested new operational standards for integrating AI in publishing.