Numerical treatment of entropy generation in convective MHD Williamson nanofluid flow with Cattaneo–Christov heat flux and suction/injection

This investigation has significant applications in the fields of mechanical, industrial, and biomedical engineering, biosciences, and technology, particularly in areas such as blood pumping, drug delivery, glass-fiber production, paper production, and nuclear reactors. This study explores the numerical analysis of a mathematical model of entropy generation in convective magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of Williamson nanofluid model over a stretching sheet with Cattaneo–Christov heat flux and suction/injection. Furthermore, heat generation, viscous dissipation, Joule heating, radiation, and chemical reaction are considered. The appropriate transformations are used to transform the nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) into nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The transformed equations are solved numerically using bvp5c MATLAB package. The effects of the involved physical parameters on the flow quantities and the entropy generation are presented and discussed in detail with figures and tables. It is observed that the thermal field is enhanced by increasing the Eckert number, the Joule heating, and the thermal relaxation parameters. Also, the concentration field is observed to be a decreasing function of the augmented chemical reaction parameter. Further, the increasing magnetic field and the Williamson parameter led to an increase in the skin friction coefficient. Moreover, the entropy generation increases due to an increase in the diffusion parameter and the Brinkman number.