Study of the Sensitization of Common Aeroallergens in Asthmatic Children

Background: Aeroallergen exposure is a strong risk factor for sensitization and the development of asthma in children. Objectives: To find out the sensitization with prevailing different common aeroallergens in Pediatric asthmatic children. Materials and Methods: It was a hospital-based observational study conducted in children with allergic asthma during July 2020 to June 2022 at a tertiary care center in Rajasthan. The study subjects were 5–18 years of age ( n = 100) diagnosed on the basis of Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines. The modified prick test was used to identify an immediate hypersensitivity reaction. It demonstrates tissue bound Immunoglobulin E and identifies the atopic state. Results: The majority of enrolled children were 73% male. The most common aeroallergens were house dust mite (68%), followed by Holoptelea integrifolia (18%), Chenopodium album (17%), Aspergillus fumigatus (12%), and Cyanodon dactylon (11%). We found that 57% asthmatic children were sensitized to two allergens, and 33% were sensitized to three or more allergens in asthmatic atopic and nonatopic children. The majority of polysensitized subjects (90%) were falling into the age group of 5–14 years. In our study, fungal sensitization was 22%. Conclusion: Most asthmatic children were 5–7 years of age with male predominance. House dust mite, H. integrifolia , C. album , and A. fumigatus were the most common in our study. The majority of asthmatic children had polysensitization.