Twelve-Month Real-World Outcomes of Tezepelumab in Severe Asthma: Clinical Remission, Biomarker Changes, and Trigger Burden—A SANI Multicenter Cohort

Background/Objectives: Tezepelumab targets thymic stromal lymphopoietin and has broad efficacy in severe asthma, yet real-world evidence on patient-reported trigger burden remains limited. We assessed 12-month outcomes after tezepelumab, focusing on clinical remission, biomarkers, and trigger profiling as complementary dimensions of response. Methods: In this multicenter longitudinal real-world observational cohort based on routine clinical follow-up and Severe Asthma Network in Italy (SANI) registry data, 43 adults with severe asthma treated with tezepelumab at four Italian SANI reference centers were evaluated at baseline and, when available, after 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Outcomes included exacerbations, lung function, type 2 biomarkers, the Asthma Control Test, SNOT-22, trigger categories, Asthma Trigger Inventory (ATI) scores, and SANI-defined clinical remission. Results: Among 22 patients with 12-month follow-up data, mean annualized exacerbations decreased from 4.30 ± 2.77 to 0.36 ± 0.49 (p < 0.001), and 14/22 (63.6%) were exacerbation-free. Asthma control improved, whereas FEV1 remained stable. FeNO and blood eosinophils decreased at selected time points. The number of reported trigger categories was lower at 6 months (p < 0.001), and physical exertion, smoke, irritants, and infection-related ATI domains improved longitudinally. Complete clinical remission was achieved in 5/22 patients (22.7%). Conclusions: Tezepelumab was associated with reduced exacerbations, improved asthma control, and lower patient-reported trigger burden. Structured trigger profiling may provide an exploratory patient-centered dimension for assessing treatment response in severe asthma.