Energetic 1,3,4‐ and 1,2,5‐Oxadiazoles: Recent Update and State‐of‐the‐Art Achievements

This review describes the synthesis and physicochemical properties of high-energy-density materials (HEDMs) containing 1,2,5- or 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety and developed in a period of 2020-2025. Several major trends in the research of these compounds are observed, based on an incorporation of linear and fused polyheterocyclic species, nitro- and nitratomethylene groups, and nitroaromatic fragments, as well as annulation of the 1,2,5-oxadiazole ring in pronounced conjugated systems, which highly contributes to thermostability and detonation performance. Overall, novel synthetic strategies along with the diversity of explosophoric structural motifs enable the design of advanced energetic materials with desirable properties and increased environmental safety.