Fault Recovery Strategy for Urban Rail Transit Considering Train Operation Intersections

Addressing bidirectional section disruptions in urban rail transit, this paper proposes a fault recovery strategy that explicitly incorporates the constraints imposed by train operation intersections (i.e., turn-back stations). To achieve this goal, this study develops a resilience-oriented recovery framework that captures operational dependencies associated with turn-back sections, compares recovery outcomes under three designed failure scenarios with and without train operation adjustment, and evaluates how variations in the number of repair teams affect resilience loss, recovery time, and repair priorities. Using the Chengdu Metro network as a case study, the results show that, compared with strategies that do not consider turn-back operation adjustment, the proposed method reduces resilience loss by 17.9%, 16.0%, and 38.6% across the three scenarios. The results also indicate that increasing the number of repair teams shortens total recovery time and reduces resilience loss, although the marginal improvement gradually decreases. For example, in Scenario 1, resilience loss decreases from 2.3% to 0.7%, while total recovery time is reduced from 13.4 to 3.4. The main contribution of this study is the integration of turn-back-section dependency and repair-team constraints into a unified resilience-based recovery framework, which may serve as a reference for post-disruption recovery planning in urban rail transit systems.