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Systematic review analyzes ChatGPT's role in generative AI, highlighting gaps and future directions.
Generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen-AI) is reshaping human–technology interaction across sectors. This study systematically reviews ChatGPT research using the TCCM framework (Theories, Contexts, Characteristics and Methodologies). The findings reveal a heavy reliance on adoption models (TAM and UTAUT), a strong focus on education and tourism contexts and the dominance of qualitative approaches. Key gaps include the limited integration of theoretical perspectives, underrepresentation of Global South contexts and scarcity of validated quantitative methods. We propose future research directions to strengthen responsible innovation and guide cross-sectoral adoption of generative AI.
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Bhardwaj et al. (2026) studied this question.
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