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This study aims to assess the feasibility of a three-arm buoy design for wave energy conversion in the Baltic Sea.

June 18, 2026EnergiesOpen Access

Analysis of the Feasibility of Using a Three-Armed Buoy as a Wave Energy Absorber Under Moderate Baltic Sea Conditions

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Randomized trial assesses wave energy conversion efficiency in a three-arm buoy system, indicating potential benefits.

This study aims to assess the feasibility of a three-arm buoy design for wave energy conversion in the Baltic Sea.
Analyzed geometrical and buoyancy parameters of the buoy structure.
Applied a simplified energy estimate model and a first-order heave-response model.
Examined the influence of various operational and hydrodynamic factors on energy output.
Estimated daily energy output of 0.409 kWh under average wave conditions, and 0.920 kWh for higher waves.
Predicted daily electrical energy estimates ranged from 0.88 kWh/day to 4.12 kWh/day based on different buoy configurations.
The three-arm design improves hydrostatic stability compared to a single circular buoy.

Żwirbliński et al. (2026) studied this question.

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