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June 18, 2026Open Access

Emergence of Quantum Gravity from Planck-Scale Spacetime Discretisation: How General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics Arise from the Same Underlying Structure

Key Points

The aim is to resolve the incompatibility between general relativity and quantum mechanics by proposing a discrete spacetime model.
Applied a Planck-cell causal network framework to spacetime.
Explored the implications of this framework on quantum field theory and cosmological predictions.
Investigated connections to concepts like wormholes and warp drives.
Predicted tensor-to-scalar ratio r approaches 0, contrary to inflationary models, which can be tested by LiteBIRD in 2028.
Showed that treating spacetime as discrete naturally resolves three standard incompatibilities between GR and QM.
Established a physical UV cutoff at the Planck length that makes quantum field theory automatically finite.

Abstract

The incompatibility between general relativity and quantum mechanics is widely regarded as the central unsolved problem in theoretical physics. We argue this incompatibility is an artefact of applying the wrong mathematical substrate. When spacetime is treated as a discrete Planck-cell causal network from the outset, both GR and QM emerge as different macroscopic limits. The three standard incompatibilities dissolve naturally. A physical UV cutoff at the Planck length makes QFT automatically finite. Most distinctively, Pixel Theory predicts tensor-to-scalar ratio r → 0 — diametrically opposite to inflationary predictions — directly testable by LiteBIRD (~2028). This paper also includes exploratory sections on wormholes, warp drives (including a Star Trek connection), consciousness as a rendering load, and connections to Positive Geometries. This is Paper 4 in the Pixel Theory series. Companion papers: Paper 1: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20491684 Paper 2: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20529501 Paper 3: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20530178 Paper 5: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20531541 Paper 6: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20585009 Paper 7: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20540035

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