Surgical treatment and immediate breast reconstruction after chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer – case presentation

Introduction. Breast cancer is the most common neo­plas­tic disease in women, and the triple-negative subtype re­pre­sents one of the most aggressive forms of invasive breast cancer, accounting for approximately 15% of all breast cancer cases. It has a heterogeneous evolution, and requires a multimodal therapeutic approach. In the early stages of the disease, mastectomy represents the main therapeutic option. However, the esthetic out­comes of mastectomy can affect the patient’s body image, cau­­sing anxiety, depression and a reduced qua­li­ty of life. Advances in surgical techniques have enabled the in­­tro­­duc­­tion of procedures with superior esthetic out­comes, such as subcutaneous mastectomy as­so­cia­ted with im­me­di­ate breast reconstruction, without com­pro­mi­sing the oncological safety in carefully selected cases. Case pre­sen­ta­tion. We present the case of a 36-year-old fe­male pa­tient diagnosed with triple-negative in­fil­tra­ting ductal car­ci­no­ma of the right breast, located in the upper-outer qua­drant. The patient underwent neo­ad­ju­vant che­mo­ther­apy, and subsequently presented for sur­gi­cal treatment. The pro­posed surgical intervention con­sis­ted of subcutaneous mas­tec­to­my, right axillary lymph­ade­nec­to­my and im­me­diate breast reconstruction using B-Lite im­plants and a Braxon acellular dermal matrix.