Why the study?
Recent works indicate that extracellular vesicle lipid composition modifies biological functions and cellular incorporation, with high-fat diets altering EV biogenesis, lipid composition, and inter-tissue cross-talk.
High-fat diets alter the lipid composition of extracellular vesicles, contributing to the inter-tissue spread of deleterious lipids and the development of metabolic diseases.
Recent works indicate that the lipid composition of extracellular vesicles (EVs) can modify their biological functions and their incorporation into recipient cells. In particular high-fat diets affect EV biogenesis, EV lipid composition, EV targeting and consequently the cross-talk between tissues. This review connects different research topics to show that a vicious circle is established during the development of high-fat diet-induced obesity, connecting the alteration of lipid metabolism, the composition of extracellular vesicles and the spread of deleterious lipids between tissues, which participates in NAFLD/NASH and diabetes development. According to the studies described in this review, it is urgent to take an interest in this question as the modulation of EV lipid composition could be an important factor to take into account during the therapeutic management of patients suffering from metabolic syndrome and related pathologies such as obesity and diabetes. Furthermore, as lipid modification of EVs is a strategy currently being tested to enable better integration into their target tissue or cell, it is important to consider the impact of these lipid modifications on the homeostasis of these targets.
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Rome et al. (2023) studied this question.
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