Key result
Poor-quality diets with elevated fat and sugar content increased levels of circulating large extracellular vesicles, which could be partly counteracted by healthy food or bioactive compounds.
Why the study?
Data from published studies are now sufficient to integrate and better understand the role of circulating extracellular vesicles in the relationship between diet and health.
Does diet or its components impact the levels of circulating large extracellular vesicles in humans?
Does diet or its components impact the levels of circulating large extracellular vesicles in humans?
Dietary patterns, particularly high-fat and high-sugar diets, modulate the levels of circulating large extracellular vesicles, suggesting a potential mechanism linking diet to health trajectories.
Diet quality may influence extracellular vesicle levels but should not yet change practice; leaves open their role as diet-responsive biomarkers.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) encompassing nanovesicles derived from the endosome system and generated by plasmatic membrane shedding are of increasing interest in view of their ability to sustain cell-to-cell communication and the possibility that they could be used as surrogate biomarkers of healthy and unhealthy trajectories. Nutritional strategies have been developed to preserve health, and the impact of these strategies on circulating EVs is arousing growing interest. Data available from published studies are now sufficient for a first integration to better understand the role of EVs in the relationship between diet and health. Thus, this review focuses on human intervention studies investigating the impact of diet or its components on circulating EVs. Because of analytical bias, only large EVs have been assessed so far. The analysis highlights that poor-quality diets with elevated fat and sugar content increase levels of circulating large EVs, and these can be partly counteracted by healthy food or some food micronutrients and bioactive compounds. However, knowledge of the content and the biological functions of these diet-induced EVs is still missing. It is important to address these aspects in new research in order to state if EVs are mediators of the effects of diet on health.
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Monfoulet et al. (2021) conducted a review in Dietary impact on circulating extracellular vesicles. Diet or its components was evaluated on Levels of circulating large extracellular vesicles. Poor-quality diets with elevated fat and sugar content increased levels of circulating large extracellular vesicles, which could be partly counteracted by healthy food or bioactive compounds.
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