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June 19, 2026Journal of Contaminant HydrologyOpen Access

Visualization of the influence of sodium citrate on iron and uranium precipitation in a 2D laboratory scale tank

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Authors

RWReid F WilliamsBPBrian A. Powell

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Overview

Randomized trial visualizes the effects of sodium citrate on iron and uranium precipitation, suggesting impacts on groundwater quality.

Key Points

  • This study investigates how sodium citrate influences the precipitation of iron and uranium in a wetland model.
  • Constructed a bench-top 2D tank system simulating wetland hyporheic conditions.
  • Used digital image processing to quantify and visualize iron precipitate formation.
  • Evaluated varying ratios of sodium citrate to iron in influent solutions.
  • Increased sodium citrate to iron ratios decreased detectable iron hydroxides in the sand layer (p<0.05).
  • Elevated concentrations of iron and uranium in the overlying waters were maintained with higher sodium citrate ratios.
  • Without sodium citrate, iron suspension in overlying waters ceased in less than one day.

Cite This Study

Williams et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a34dc5265a5b0777af2ca16https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2026.105029
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